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2.
Farm. hosp ; 36(4): 176-179, jul.-ago. 2012. ilus, mapas
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-105935

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Cuantificar el uso de comparaciones indirectas (CI) en los informes de evaluación de medicamentos publicados en internet por el Grupo de Evaluación de Novedades, Estandarización e Investigación en Selección de Medicamentos (GENESIS).Método Estudio retrospectivo de los informes redactados en 2008-2009. Registro de la existencia de comparadores y características de los estudios comparativos directos e indirectos incluidos. Resultados En el 95% de los 337 informes analizados existe un comparador activo, en el 50% hay un estudio frente a éste. En 114 informes (34%), se referencia una CI, el 69% elaborada por el autor del informe. La mayoría fueron CI narrativas, ninguna ajustada. En los casos sin CI podría haberse realizado en el 16% y era dudoso en el 24%.ConclusionesMuchos medicamentos tienen comparador pero no estudios directos frente a éste, las CI deberían incorporarse en los informes en mayor medida y con criterios de calidad. (AU)


Objective: Quantify use of indirect comparisons (IC) in drug evaluation reports published on the GENESIS Group web page for new drug assessment, standardisation, and drug selection research. Method: Retrospective study of drug reports written between 2008 and 2009. Data collected: presence of an active comparator and details from any direct and indirect comparative studies included. Results: An active comparator was present in 95% of the 337 analysed reports; 50% included a direct comparative study vs comparator. In 114 reports (34%), an IC was used; 69% of the ICs were made by the report author. Most ICs were narrative and none were adjusted. An IC could have been made in an additional 16% of the cases and possibly in 24% more. Conclusions: Most evaluated drugs have an active comparator but studies comparing them directly are not as common. ICs could be included in more reports along with quality control criteria (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Drugs, Investigational/therapeutic use , Drug Evaluation/methods , Interchange of Drugs , Bioequivalent Drugs , Drug Compounding
3.
Farm Hosp ; 36(4): 176-9, 2012.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22440517

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Quantify use of indirect comparisons (IC) in drug evaluation reports published on the GENESIS Group web page for new drug assessment, standardisation, and drug selection research. METHOD: Retrospective study of drug reports written between 2008 and 2009. DATA COLLECTED: presence of an active comparator and details from any direct and indirect comparative studies included. RESULTS: An active comparator was present in 95% of the 337 analysed reports; 50% included a direct comparative study vs comparator. In 114 reports (34%), an IC was used; 69% of the ICs were made by the report author. Most ICs were narrative and none were adjusted. An IC could have been made in an additional 16% of the cases and possibly in 24% more. CONCLUSIONS: Most evaluated drugs have an active comparator but studies comparing them directly are not as common. ICs could be included in more reports along with quality control criteria.


Subject(s)
Drug Evaluation , Internet , Humans , Research Design , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
7.
Farm. hosp ; 33(5): 257-268, sept.-oct. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-105314

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia global y por etapas de los errores de medicación en 6 hospitales de Cataluña, así como los tipos de error y las consecuencias. Método: Diseño prospectivo, cuya variable global es el error de medicación. Se han excluido los errores potenciales. En cada hospital se estudiaron los ingresados en 2 unidades hasta 300 pacientes y se observaron 1.500 administraciones. Se aplicó la taxonomía del National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention. El error de prescripción se detectó mediante la revisión de las prescripciones, en la que se comprobaron paciente, medicamento, adherencia a protocolos, interacciones, contraindicaciones, omisión, duplicidad terapéutica, dosis, frecuencia, vía y falta de seguimiento. En la transcripción/validación se comprobó la coincidencia con la orden médica original. En la dispensación, antes de enviar los carros de unidosis, se revisó el contenido de los cajetines, y se contrastó con el listado generado informáticamente. En planta, los observadores comprobaron transcripción, preparación y administración. En todos los procesos se registraron los datos en una hoja específica. La concordancia entre revisores fue moderada (kappa = 0,525). Resultados: Se detectaron 16,94 errores por 100 pacientes-día y 0,98 por paciente: 16 % en prescripción, 27 % en transcripción/validación, 48 % en dispensación y 9 % en administración. El 84,47 % pertenecía a la categoría B (no se alcanzó al paciente), y menos del 0,5 % causaron daño. La población, de 65 años de media, se distribuyó en una relación varón/mujer de 60/40. Los principales grupos terapéuticos fueron: agentes contra la úlcera péptica y el reflujo gastroesofágico, antitrombóticos, y otros analgésicos y antipiréticos, en los que predominaba la forma farmacéutica (..) (AU)


Objective: To determine both the global Incident, and the Incident for stages of medication errors in six Catalonian hospitals, the types of error and the consequences. Method: A prospective design, with the global variable of the medication error. Potential errors have been excluded. The patients admitted to each hospital were studied in 2 groups of up to 300 patients and 1,500 administrations were observed. The NCCMERP taxonomy was applied. The prescription error was detected through the review of prescriptions, checking the patient, medication, adherence to protocols, interactions, contraindications, omission, duplicated therapy, doses, frequency, method, and lack of follow-up. During the transcription/validation, it was verified that the prescription matched the original order. In the dispensing process, the content of the drawers was checked, comparing it to the computer generated list, before sending out the single dose trolley. The transcription, preparation and administration were observed on the wards. The information for all the procedures was registered in a specific data sheet. There was moderate concordance amongst the inspectors (kappa = 0.525). Results: 16.94 errors were detected per 100 patients-day and 0.98 errors per patient: 16 % in prescription, 27 % in transcription/validation, 48 % in dispensing, and 9 % in administration. 84.47 % were category B errors (they did not reach the patient), and < 0.5 % of the errors were harmful. The population, with an average age of 65, had a male/female ratio of 60/40. The principal therapeutic groups were: agents against peptic ulcer and GERD, antithrombotic agents, and other analgesics and antipyretics, (..) (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Medication Errors/statistics & numerical data , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Pharmacy Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Medication Therapy Management/organization & administration , Drug Compounding/statistics & numerical data , Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Drug Dispensaries , Cohort Studies
8.
Farm Hosp ; 33(5): 257-68, 2009.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19775576

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine both the global Incident, and the Incident for stages of medication errors in six Catalonian hospitals, the types of error and the consequences. METHOD: A prospective design, with the global variable of the medication error. Potential errors have been excluded. The patients admitted to each hospital were studied in 2 groups of up to 300 patients and 1,500 administrations were observed. The NCCMERP taxonomy was applied. The prescription error was detected through the review of prescriptions, checking the patient, medication, adherence to protocols, interactions, contraindications, omission, duplicated therapy, doses, frequency, method, and lack of follow-up. During the transcription/validation, it was verified that the prescription matched the original order. In the dispensing process, the content of the drawers was checked, comparing it to the computer generated list, before sending out the single dose trolley. The transcription, preparation and administration were observed on the wards. The information for all the procedures was registered in a specific data sheet. There was moderate concordance amongst the inspectors (kappa = 0.525). RESULTS: 16.94 errors were detected per 100 patients-day and 0.98 errors per patient: 16 % in prescription, 27 % in transcription/validation, 48 % in dispensing, and 9 % in administration. 84.47 % were category B errors (they did not reach the patient), and < 0.5 % of the errors were harmful. The population, with an average age of 65, had a male/female ratio of 60/40. The principal therapeutic groups were: agents against peptic ulcer and GERD, antithrombotic agents, and other analgesics and antipyretics, principally in a solid oral drug form (58 %). The medications per patient-day were 5.5 and the units of medication were on average 11.21, varying greatly among the institutions. The adjustment of 10 units made the results more uniform. In all the stages, omission was the most frequent error. DISCUSSION: The different methods used and different areas of the investigations make comparisons difficult. This is evident in the harmful errors, the proportion of which is affected by the detection procedure. The number of mistakes avoided during the execution of this project demonstrates the need to improve the planning of the work systems and to establish safety measures.


Subject(s)
Drug Administration Schedule , Drug Compounding/standards , Drug Prescriptions/standards , Drug Utilization/standards , Medication Errors/statistics & numerical data , Aged , Female , Hospitals , Humans , Male , Prospective Studies
14.
Farm. hosp ; 24(4): 215-220, jul. 2000. tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-5258

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del presente estudio es validar la metodología de evaluación y documentación de las intervenciones realizadas por el farmacéutico para definir un instrumento estandarizado y homogéneo aplicable en la práctica clínica diaria. Para llevar a cabo esta validación se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 15 intervenciones de las realizadas y codificadas previamente para su posterior recodificación por farmacéuticos adjuntos del propio hospital y de diferentes hospitales externos. La concordancia en la clasificación de las intervenciones se evaluó mediante la prueba kappa o mediante la prueba rho de Spearman. Los valores de kappa para el código de tipo de intervención y de impacto fueron 0,790 y 0,826 entre los farmacéuticos del servicio y 0,699 y 0,691 entre los externos, respectivamente. El valor del coeficiente de Spearman para el código de significación fue 0,480 (p < 0,01) entre los farmacéuticos del servicio y 0,390 (p < 0,01) entre los externos. La metodología validada presentada en este trabajo sirve de base para evaluar el impacto de las intervenciones del farmacéutico de forma continuada (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Clinical Trial , Pharmaceutical Services/standards , Classification/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Statistics, Nonparametric
15.
Farm. hosp ; 24(3): 136-144, mayo 2000. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-5250

ABSTRACT

El principal objetivo de la atención farmacéutica es mejorar la calidad de la atención al paciente, garantizando la terapéutica más idónea. Con el fin de demostrar el impacto en la atención al paciente individualizado es necesario que los farmacéuticos registren las actividades clínicas y evalúen sus resultados. En el presente estudio se describen las intervenciones realizadas por el farmacéutico a través de la monitorización terapéutica ligada al sistema de distribución de medicamentos en dosis unitarias, así como la metodología y resultados de la evaluación del impacto de las intervenciones en la atención al paciente. En un período de cuatro años se registraron 22.786 intervenciones (21 intervenciones/día). En la evaluación de las intervenciones (n = 1.302) se obtuvo que el 88,5 por ciento eran muy significativas o significativas. Los resultados muestran que el farmacéutico tiene un papel importante en la atención al paciente y que el valor añadido que se aporta al proceso de utilización de medicamentos conduce a una mejora de la atención al paciente (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Care/standards , Pharmacy Service, Hospital/methods , Pharmacists , Spain , Drug Monitoring
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